full transcript
From the Ted Talk by Elizabeth Wayne: We can hack our immune cells to fight cancer
Unscramble the Blue Letters
After decades of research and billions of dollars snept in clinical tialrs, we still have a problem with cancer drug delivery. We still give patients cortahhemepy, which is so non-specific that even though it kills the cancer cells, it kind of kills the rest of your body, too. And yes, we have developed more sievltece drugs, but it's still a challenge to get them into the tumor, and they end up accumulating in the other organs as well or passing through your urine, which is a total waste. And fields like mine have emerged where we try to encapsulate these drugs to poerctt them as they travel through the body. But these mciioitoanfds cause problems that we make more modifications to fix.
Open Cloze
After decades of research and billions of dollars _____ in clinical ______, we still have a problem with cancer drug delivery. We still give patients ____________, which is so non-specific that even though it kills the cancer cells, it kind of kills the rest of your body, too. And yes, we have developed more _________ drugs, but it's still a challenge to get them into the tumor, and they end up accumulating in the other organs as well or passing through your urine, which is a total waste. And fields like mine have emerged where we try to encapsulate these drugs to _______ them as they travel through the body. But these _____________ cause problems that we make more modifications to fix.
Solution
- modifications
- chemotherapy
- selective
- spent
- trials
- protect
Original Text
After decades of research and billions of dollars spent in clinical trials, we still have a problem with cancer drug delivery. We still give patients chemotherapy, which is so non-specific that even though it kills the cancer cells, it kind of kills the rest of your body, too. And yes, we have developed more selective drugs, but it's still a challenge to get them into the tumor, and they end up accumulating in the other organs as well or passing through your urine, which is a total waste. And fields like mine have emerged where we try to encapsulate these drugs to protect them as they travel through the body. But these modifications cause problems that we make more modifications to fix.
Frequently Occurring Word Combinations
ngrams of length 2
collocation |
frequency |
immune cells |
9 |
cancer cells |
5 |
drug delivery |
2 |
deliver drugs |
2 |
sticky balls |
2 |
Important Words
- accumulating
- billions
- body
- cancer
- cells
- challenge
- chemotherapy
- clinical
- decades
- delivery
- developed
- dollars
- drug
- drugs
- emerged
- encapsulate
- fields
- fix
- give
- kills
- kind
- modifications
- organs
- passing
- patients
- problem
- problems
- protect
- research
- rest
- selective
- spent
- total
- travel
- trials
- tumor
- urine
- waste